Two Different Kinds of Hula
I’ve done a lot of different kinds of dances in my day, but only recently have I started to look at hula. Hula is a traditional Hawaiian form of dance with many variations. You’d recognize lei (strings of flowers) and hula skirts, but you’d never guess how rich of a tradition is really behind those sultry beach dances.
Hula is a spiritual and cultural tradition unique to Hawaii. Originally it was part of the indigenous religious practices, being performed as a gift to the gods. In the 19th and 20th centuries Hawaii changed dramatically from contact with Western cultures, especially the United States. Hula changed too, dividing into two separate styles: Hula Kahiko and Hula ‘auana.
Hula Kahiko is the traditional form of hula. This is often performed at ceremonies and formal occasions. Very traditional costumes are worn, which include lavish decoration for both men and women. Not all the dances are ancient; there are modern hula that are composed in an old-fashioned style, called Ai Kahiko. However, all of the ceremonial hula must follow certain rules. The dancers practice very carefully to execute the dance without a hitch, and lei are left on altars once the performance is over, never worn home.
Hula ‘auana is a fusion style of hula that is more modern. As Hawaii had more contact with western cultures, it began to use foreign instruments and borrow Western dance styles. Likewise, there is more leeway for the type of costume worn, and less ceremonial rules. Hula ‘auana is what is usually performed for tourists.
The beautiful thing about these two schools is that they exist side-by-side in a single culture that celebrates both. Tradition and innovation both have their place and are well-respected in Hawaiian culture.